“Great and Good Friend”

“Great and Good Friend” On November 6, 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the US. It was a time when the country was divided. By the time of Lincoln’s inauguration on March 4, 1861, 7 states had seceded, and the Confederate States of America had been formally established. The first shot of the American Civil War was fired at Fort Sumter off the coast of South Carolina on April 12, 1861. On July 1, 1863, the first skirmish of the Battle of Gettysburg took place. A little over a week after the Gettysburg Address (November 30, 1863,) Kamehameha IV died and his brother, Lot Kapuāiwa, became King Kamehameha V. Shortly thereafter, King Kamehameha V received a letter from Lincoln, addressed to “Great and Good Friend,” expressing his “feelings of profound sorrow” of his brother’s death.

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/lincoln-to-kamehameha-v-feb-2-1864/

ʻAilāʻau

ʻAilāʻau The longest recorded eruption at Kilauea, arguably, was the ʻAilāʻau eruption and lava flow in the 15th century. It was the largest in Hawaiʻi in more than 1,000-years. The flow was named after ʻAilāʻau was known and feared by all the people. ‘Ai means the "one who eats or devours." Lāʻau means "tree" or a "forest." He was the fire god before Pele arrived at Hawaiʻi Island. The image shows the ʻAilaʻau flow (white) with kīpuka pockets in certain areas.

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Plantation Camps

Plantation Camps A century after Captain James Cook's arrival in Hawaiʻi, sugar plantations started to dominate the Hawaiian landscape. “I want (my children) to remember that the parents, grandparents were part of that company, the sugar company. The parents, grandparents, and great-grandparents, you know, down the line, the older generation.” Plantation camps, developed to house workers and their families, were once scattered among the cane fields. The camps were self-sufficient: “We bought most of our food and clothing from the plantation … We were entertained (in a) recreational building provided by the plantation. … (W)e worshiped in church building provided by plantation management”. Make no mistake; life on the plantation was hard.

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Math’s Life Lessons

Math’s Life Lessons Numbers talk to me … they help me see and explain the world around me. Math is not just the quest to solve for the unknown (as if that is not enough;) Math also helps describe how we should live our lives. Math teaches us Equality, Golden Rule, Working Together, Problem Solving ... and even Love. Welcome to the Math Side.

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/maths-life-lessons-2/

“Hawaiʻi has a Federal Building - Hilo Got It.”

“Hawaiʻi has a Federal Building - Hilo Got It.” Postal services in Hilo commenced in 1858. Successive early Territorial governors agreed that a new federal office building should be constructed in Hilo. “A block was set aside in Hilo for public building purposes.” New York architect Henry Whitfield designed the new building in 1915. The building was one of the first in Hawaiʻi constructed using reinforced concrete, and completed and occupied in 1917. It originally functioned as a courthouse, post office and custom house. By the 1930s, tenants required more space and two wings were added to the building between 1936 and 1938.

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/hawai%ca%bbi-has-a-federal-building-hilo-got-it/

Nutridge

Nutridge Macadamia seeds were first imported into Hawaiʻi in 1882 by William Purvis; he planted them in Kapulena on the Hāmākua Coast. A second introduction into Hawai‘i was made in 1892 by Robert and Edward Jordan who planted the trees in Nuʻuanu Honolulu. It was not until Ernest Sheldon Van Tassel started some plantings at ‘Ualakaʻa (up Tantalus) in 1921 that the commercial growing of the plant began (Nutridge was the name for Van Tassel’s home and grove.) Commercial processing of macadamia nuts began in 1934 at Van Tassel’s new factory in Kaka‘ako and marketed there as ‘Van’s Macadamia Nuts.’

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/nutridge/

William Hardy Hill

William Hardy Hill “Doc Hill (William Hardy Hill) was kind of the maverick businessman in Hilo … (he,) eventually, became probably the most influential businessman on this island.” ‘Doc’ acquired his moniker for selling eyeglasses (License No 1,) after he came to the Big Island in 1913; he opened the Hill Optical. Doc added his jewelry business in 1919, and both his optical and jewelry businesses were among the largest in the Territory. It's well known that Senator WH ‘Doc’ Hill of Hilo is a capitalist. He was a Hawai‘i Senator and a businessman. ‘Doc’ Hill died in 1970.

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Laupāhoehoe

Laupāhoehoe “Lapahoi (Laupāhoehoe - leaf of lava) is a small stony flat with a few huts and sweet potatoes and taro patches scattered over it. It lies at the extremity of a deep ravine, the declivities on either side nearly 500 feet in height and extending to the sea beach, terminating in a rocky precipice. … The country … was fertile, beautiful, and apparently populous.” Lowlands of the Laupāhoehoe region became the focus of sugar plantation efforts as early as the 1850s. While the main business of the railroad was the transport of raw sugar and other products to and from the mills, it also provided passenger service. Early in the morning of April 1, 1946, a massive tsunami struck Hawaiʻi. At Laupāhoehoe Point, waves destroyed teachers’ residences and flooded school grounds, killing 25-people, including 16-students and 5-teachers of Laupāhoehoe School.

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/laupahoehoe/

Voyaging … and Returning

Voyaging … and Returning Voyagers left to explore the world or to seek adventure. Others departed to find new land or new resources because of growing populations or prolonged droughts and other ecological disasters in their homelands. According to Hawaiian oral traditions collected in the 19th century, voyaging continued between Hawai‘i and the South Pacific after the original settlement of Hawai‘i. The motives given for voyaging are various: Maintaining Family Connections; Marriage; Family Quarrels and Unhappy Love Affairs; Burial in Homeland; Acquiring Mana from the Homeland; Escaping Flood and Famine; Maka‘ika‘i (Sightseeing and Adventure) & Obtain Materials or Plants not Available on one’s home island.

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/voyaging-and-returning/

Henry Alpheus Peirce Carter

Henry Alpheus Peirce Carter Henry Alpheus Peirce Carter (also known as Henry Augustus Peirce Carter) was born in Honolulu August 7, 1837. At about ten years old young Carter was sent to the continent to be educated; for three or four years he attended school in Boston (all the formal education he ever had.) Carter recognized that the commerce of Honolulu could not prosper until the Islands produced some commodity that could be used in exchange for merchandise which was imported and consumed here – he believed the sugar industry could offer that. Carter served Hawai‘i as Minister to the US for about 10-years. He was one of King Kalākaua’s closest advisers.

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Junior … Intermediate … Middle

Historically, grades K-8 were considered ‘elementary.’ In 1888 on the continent, Charles Eliot launched an effort to reorganize schooling, arguing that … students should be working on college preparatory courses ….. Rather than grades 7 and 8 as part of elementary, the push was to put them in the high school. Junior High Schools were formed.

These started in the Islands in the 1920s; however, in 1932, all formerly-named Junior High Schools were changed to Intermediate Schools (they were named after American Presidents or members of the Hawaiian Royal family.) Then, in the mid-1960s, and more formally around 1990, a new reform movement focused on the intellectual, emotional, and the interpersonal needs of young adolescents; Middle schools were formed.

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/junior-intermediate-middle/

Ossipoff Meets Mid-19th Century

Ossipoff Meets Mid-19th Century The Walter Irving Henderson House in Kona was featured in a 1958 edition of Sunset Magazine – they said, “The house is small but takes care of a large number of guests without crowding.” It is a combination of classics - the first floor circa 1864, as a small church or meeting house; then renovated and the second floor was added, for use as a beach house. An 1892 map shows Kahului Church, along with a nearby structure labeled “Makuakane” (which translates approximately to “father” in English, giving a strong indication that this was likely a Catholic priest’s house.) The structure was modified from the original one-story church form to its existing two-story appearance in 1953; the entire second floor and interior of the first floor were designed by celebrated local architect Vladimir Ossipoff.

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/ossipoff-meets-mid-19th-century/

Herbert, William & Jack

Herbert, William & Jack On January 19, 1900, 29-year old Herbert and 25-year old William had their first view of Honolulu; shortly after, Jack, age 18, arrived on October 16, 1900;, Edgar, arrived in July 1901. The boys planned “to take passengers out to the reef surrounding the (Honolulu) harbor”. They also added other adventure, shark hunting, and, an idea of Jack ”For the first time in the history of the field and gun were flying fish flushed with a steam launch and shot on the wing.” Regularly, the brothers were called upon to help in rescue and salvage operations; and, what they became known for, an interisland freight company. Young Brothers continues today. The youngest of the Young Brothers, Jack, is my grandfather.

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/herbert-william-and-jack/

Edwin Lani Hanchett

Edwin Lani Hanchett The eldest child of six (five boys and one girl,) Edwin Lani Hanchett was born at Ho‘olehua, Molokai, on November 2, 1919 to Dr Alsoberry Kaumualiʻi Hanchett and Mary Hazel (McGuire) Hanchett. Hanchett was ordained the first priest of the Episcopal Church of Hawaiian ancestry by Bishop Kennedy on September 19, 1953 (Ember Saturday). On September 26, 1967, Hanchett, rector of St. Peter’s, Honolulu, had been elected Hawaii’s first suffragan Bishop by the House of Bishops meeting in Seattle. Then, on January 18, 1970, he became the first Bishop of Hawaiian ancestry of the Episcopal Church at Saint Andrew’s Cathedral.

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Martial Law

Martial Law The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 lasted 110-minutes, from 7:55 am until 9:45 am. At 11:30 am, December 7, 1941, Governor Poindexter exercised his powers and “declare(d) and proclaim(ed) a defense period to exist throughout the Territory of Hawaiʻi.” Later that day, he placed the Territory of Hawaiʻi under martial law. This was not the first proclamation of martial law in the Islands. On January 17, 1893, martial law was declared by the Provisional Government of the Hawaiian Islands. Then, on January 7, 1895, Republic of Hawaiʻi President Sanford B Dole declared martial law; it lasted until March 18, 1895.

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It Wasn’t ‘Bloodless’

It Wasn’t ‘Bloodless’ Many references to the overthrow of Hawai‘i’s constitutional monarch on January 17, 1893 say it was ‘bloodless,’ suggesting no one was injured. However, that is not the case; “A policeman named Leialoha was shot in the breast by John Good about 2:30 o'clock this afternoon on Fort street.” Leialoha was afterwards taken to the hospital, and in time entirely recovered from his wound.

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Beauty Hole

Beauty Hole “The mere mention of the Beauty Hole brings tears to the eyes of those who remember it fondly. It might not have looked like much to the passerby … ‘it was our Natatorium.’” It was at Lāʻie, on the windward side of O‘ahu. “The pond was not much more than twelve or fifteen feet in diameter.” Some say Beauty Hole got its name because a beautiful old woman with long grey hair would come to swim during each full moon, and then sit on a rock under the moonlight and comb her hair.

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Bull Pen

Bull Pen “Jean O’Hara was a pretty girl who became a handsome woman. … Her good looks and classy bearing would serve her well.” “(O’Hara) got used to the fast money.” In mid-1938, O’Hara arrived in Honolulu from San Francisco. There was an unofficial system of regulated prostitution in the Islands, with the also unofficial sanction of the military. “The price charged is $3.00 per date. Of this, the Madame gets one dollar. Out of the remaining two dollars, the girl must pay the Madame for her room and board and laundry.” Most brothels required girls to see at least 100 men a day and to work at least 20 days per month. To speed things along, O’Hara is credited with inventing the ‘bull pen’ system where a single prostitute would work three rooms in rotation (including maid service.)

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/betty-jean-ohara/

Cats and Dogs

Cats and Dogs “I saw cats - Tom cats, Mary Ann cats, long-tailed cats, bobtail cats, blind cats, one-eyed cats, walleyed cats, cross-eyed cats, gray cats, black cats, white cats, yellow cats, striped cats, spotted cats, tame cats, wild cats, singed cats …” (Twain) “Cats and dogs not useful in guarding flocks, herds or households were taxed $1 each. All other chattels, etc., were taxed 2 per cent ad valorem.” However, in 1851 the cat tax was dropped.

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Bill Anderson

Bill Anderson Bill Anderson was born September 19, 1928 in Walla Walla, Washington, to parents Otto and Audrey Anderson. He was raised on the family farm. He attended Walla Walla High School during his freshman and sophomore years, and later enrolled in Lakeside School in Seattle and graduated in 1946. His interest in entertainment was evident while he was at college, where he was involved in the launch of a television station, as well as working as a disc jockey. He came to the Islands in 1955 and worked on ‘The Kini Popo Show’ (the first morning television show in Hawai‘i.) A couple films and a Nestlé’s Quik commercial, later; then a new project ... and (under his stage name ‘Adam West’) he starred as Batman (the debut was January 12, 1966.)

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/bill-anderson/

Flying for Fun

Flying for Fun Five hundred enjoyed Mrs Putnam’s free lecture through the University Extension Service, University of Hawaiʻi – titled, ‘Flying for Fun.” She “described vividly and picturesquely her flight over the Pacific ocean, adding to her gift for pantomime a power of description and a true sense of humor that struck an immediate response in her audience.” She insists “that the only reason for the flights was her own wish to fly. In this connection she said, ‘Women must often do for themselves what men have already done, and I look for the day to come when individual aptitude instead of sex will be the criterion for holding any job.’” January 11 (1935) is the anniversary of Amelia Earhart’s historic solo flight from Hawaiʻi to the continent; the first person, man or woman, to do so.

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/flying-for-fun/

Oʻahu Charity School

Oʻahu Charity School Andrew Johnstone met the 12 or 14-year-old son of Captain Carter, commanding the English Cutter ‘William Little’ then in port and offered young Carter some books and invited him to his house; in a day or two he brought with him another lad. Soon one and another boy came asking the same favor, to the point where a regular class was formed. Funds were raised for the creation of a school house for the instruction of English-speaking children (1832.) Oʻahu Charity School was the first formal school in the Islands and the first school on the Pacific where the English language was used (it was one of six English language schools west of the Rockies - it received pupils from the US, Alaska and Mexico.

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/o%ca%bbahu-charity-school/

The Apology & the Supreme Court

The Apology & the Supreme Court “Turning to the merits, we must decide whether the Apology Resolution ‘strips Hawai‘i of its sovereign authority to sell, exchange, or transfer’ the lands that the United States held in “absolute fee” and “grant[ed] to the State of Hawai‘i, effective upon its admission into the Union”. We conclude that the Apology Resolution has no such effect.” A later Hawai‘i Supreme Court case noted (in 2014,) “… the Apology Resolution did not confer substantive rights or have a substantive legal effect. Thus, the Apology Bill cannot serve to support a fundamental right to nation-building”. It’s interesting to note the Supreme Court’s repeated references to the Republic of Hawai‘i, Annexation, Territory, Newlands Resolution, Admission Act, State, etc.

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/the-apology-the-supreme-court/

Mule Tunnel

Mule Tunnel Fortification of Diamond Head began in 1908 with the construction of gun emplacements and an entry tunnel through the north wall of the crater from Fort Ruger known as the Mule Tunnel. Originally, it was 5-feet wide and 7-feet high. Mules were used primarily to pull narrow gauge rail cars loaded with material in and out of the crater and to the various construction points. The trail to the Diamond Head summit was built in 1908 as part of the US Army Coastal Artillery defense system. The battery emplacements were dispersed for concealment and to insure that a projectile striking one would not thereby endanger a neighbor. (Its name later changed to the Kapahulu Tunnel.) The headquarters of the Harbor Defenses of Honolulu came to Fort Ruger in January 1927.

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Four Horsemen

“The last great work of Prince Kalanianaʻole was for his people. He labored ceaselessly for more than a year on a scheme of rehabilitation through which it is hoped the Hawaiian may be returned to the land of his ancestors, to live as fisherman and farmer.”

Dubbed the Four Horsemen, Kuhio, Rev Stephen Langhern Desha, Sr, John Carey Lane and Henry Lincoln Holstein worked with others to get “Rehabilitation of the Hawaiians” adopted.  On January 7, 1922, 6-months after he had succeeded in having the Hawaiian Homes Commission Act passed, Prince Kuhio passed away.

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“the loveliest fleet of islands that lies anchored in any ocean”

“the loveliest fleet of islands that lies anchored in any ocean” In 1866, Samuel Langhorne Clemens (Mark Twain) was retained by The Sacramento Union newspaper to write a series of articles on Hawaiʻi. Like they get to a lot of people, the Islands struck a chord with Clemens. “It has been six weeks since I touched a pen. In explanation and excuse I offer the fact that I spent that time (with the exception of one week) on the island of Maui. ... I never spent so pleasant a month before.”

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/the-loveliest-fleet-of-islands-that-lies-anchored-in-any-ocean/

Arterials

Arterials “‘A super highway through Honolulu, 120 feet wide and running mauka of the business district from Kalihi to Kaimuki ... would be invaluable in solving Honolulu's pressing traffic problem,’ engineer John Rush told the City Council in 1939.” From 1952 to 1962, Honolulu officials kept adding to the Mauka Arterial, described as the first road in the state "tailored to the flight patterns of people." Construction forced the condemnation of more than 500 homes and the moving of several thousand people, tearing old neighborhoods apart. A companion Makai Arterial that would have run past Waikiki, down Ala Moana and along an elevated roadway near the Honolulu waterfront never materialized as planned. An interesting remnant pf that is a stub out to nowhere at the on/off ramps at Kapiʻolani Boulevard to H-1.

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/arterials/

Tutasi

Tutasi “No other clubs compared to the Hawaiian Room.” From 1937-1966, in the heart of what was the largest city in the world at the time, the Hawaiian Room was a pioneering venue where authentic hula and Hawaiian music were shared with millions from around the world. Helen Tutasiilemauosamoa (Tutasi) Wilson was one of the performers; she was born in Leone, Pago Pago American Samoa. In 1925, when Tutasi was 10 years old, she was sent to Honolulu where she attended Lincoln School and later Kamehameha School for Girls; thus, in 1933, becoming the first non-Hawaiian girl to graduate from the school. Tutasi became a valued addition to Arthur Godfrey's weekly CBS-TV program in New York with her dancing and acting.

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/tutasi/

Collapse to Caldera

Collapse to Caldera Kilauea is presently one of the most productive volcanoes on Earth (in terms of how much lava it erupts each year). To the casual observer, Kilauea appears to be part of the larger volcano Mauna Loa, but geological data indicates that it is a separate volcano with its own vent and conduit system The summit presently has a caldera that is roughly 2.5-miles by 2-miles wide, and walls nearly 400-feet. Another feature, known as Halemaʻumaʻu crater, lies within the main caldera (on the southwestern side.) The Puʻu ʻOʻo eruption started on January 3, 1983, the southern part of the caldera.

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/collapse-to-caldera/

The Dark Side

The Dark Side There are many good things of the Hawaiʻi of old. It is the intimate relationship (developed over generations of experiences) that people of a particular culture feel for the sites, features, phenomena and natural resources etc, that surround them - their sense of place. This attachment is deeply rooted in the beliefs, practices, cultural evolution and identity of a people. However, when we speak of the lives and lifestyle of the ancient Hawaiians and hint at romanticizing it strictly as an idyllic paradise way of life, we should not overlook Human Sacrifice, Incest, Polygamy, Discrimination Against Women, Infanticide, War and other dark sides of this life and lifestyle.

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http://imagesofoldhawaii.com/the-dark-side/

Happy New Year!!!

Happy New Year!!! I realize it is simply a change in the movement on the clock and the turning of the page on the calendar, but we still celebrate this change with anticipation and optimism. Happy New Year, everyone!!!

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